Unfinished Business from Gestalt Therapy

In Gestalt Therapy, the term unfinished business refers to experiences where our true emotions were never fully expressed or acknowledged.

Cost Benefit Analysis from Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT)

The Cost–Benefit Analysis is a practical decision-making tool used in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT).

How to work on your irrational thoughts? from Rational Emotive Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (RECBT)

Rational Emotive Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (RECBT) helps individuals identify and challenge irrational beliefs that lead to emotional distress.

Jacobson’s Progressive Muscle Relaxation from Behaviour Therapy

Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) is a method used to reduce anxiety by tensing and relaxing different muscles in the body. It was developed by American physician Edmund Jacobson in the early 1920s.

Racket and Authentic Feelings from Transactional Analysis

Human beings experience a range of basic emotions in response to different situations:

Person Centered Therapy

Every human being has a self-concept, which includes how we see ourselves, our relationships with others and the values we attach to those perceptions. It reflects our understanding of who we are and how we relate to the world around us. Incongruence occurs when there is a difference between what a person experiences and what they believe about themselves. This gap can lead to confusion, discomfort or emotional distress.

Maslow’s & William Glasser’s Needs Theory

Human beings have several essential needs that influence their thoughts, emotions and behaviour. According to this theory, there are eight fundamental needs and each should be fulfilled at least to a level of 5 out of 10. When these needs are not adequately met, individuals may experience distressing emotions such as sadness, anger, fear, guilt or shame.

Transactional Analysis – Ego states

The concept of Ego States, also known as the Personality Structure, helps in understanding the root cause of our thoughts, feelings and behaviours in different situations.

Transactional Analysis Therapy – Transactions

Transactional Analysis (TA) studies how people communicate and interact with one another, both verbally and non-verbally. It helps in understanding the root of communication issues and emotional reactions during interactions.

Transactional Analysis Therapy – Strokes & Time structuring

This concept helps individuals meet one of their important psychological needs, which is the need for esteem. In Transactional Analysis, any act of recognition, whether verbal or non-verbal, is called a stroke. Strokes are essential for maintaining both physical and psychological well-being.

Transactional Analysis – Drama Triangle & Winner’s Triangle

This concept helps clients become aware of their roles during a conflict and understand how communication patterns can shift from being unhelpful to healthy.

Transactional Analysis Therapy – Script

The theory of the Life Script was developed by Eric Berne, the founder of Transactional Analysis. It explains how our life patterns and expectations are formed early in childhood and continue to influence us throughout life, often without our conscious awareness.

Transactional Analysis Therapy – Drivers

In Transactional Analysis, Drivers are unconscious behavioural patterns developed during childhood to help us feel safe, accepted and valued. These patterns are ways we learnt to behave in order to feel “OK” in our early environment.

Solution Focused Brief Therapy

Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) is a practical, goal-oriented counselling approach that focuses on identifying solutions rather than analysing problems. It helps clients envision their preferred future and discover the resources and strengths they already possess to make it happen.

Choice Therapy

Choice Therapy, developed by Dr. William Glasser, is based on the idea that we are responsible for the choices we make and that personal freedom comes from taking control of our own behaviour. It teaches that the past should not be dwelled upon but understood, resolved and moved beyond in order to live a more fulfilling and meaningful life.

Behaviour Therapy

Behaviour Therapy is based on the principle that all behaviour is learned and therefore, it can be unlearned and re-learned through appropriate interventions.

Gaming Addiction – PUBG/Call of Duty/Free Fire and similar games

Online multiplayer games such as PUBG Mobile, Call of Duty and Free Fire are designed to be highly engaging and rewarding. They use several built-in psychological and behavioural mechanisms that make players want to return to the game repeatedly. Over time, this can lead to excessive gaming and addictive behaviour patterns, especially among young people.

Netflix/OTT Platforms/ Series Addictions

With the rise of streaming platforms such as Netflix, Amazon Prime, Disney+ Hotstar and other OTT services, binge-watching has become one of the most common behavioural habits of our time. What starts as relaxation or entertainment can gradually turn into a pattern of compulsive viewing, where individuals lose track of time and struggle to stop watching.

YouTube & Social Media Addiction

Social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and WhatsApp, along with video platforms like YouTube, have become deeply integrated into daily life. While they help people stay connected, share experiences and access entertainment or information, their design can also lead to addictive behaviour and emotional dependency.

Relationship Counselling – Family Styles

Family styles in relationship counselling explore how families communicate, make decisions and express emotions. Each family develops its own pattern of interaction that shapes relationships and individual behaviour. Understanding these styles helps improve connection, harmony and emotional balance within the family.

Relationship Counselling – Love Languages

Dr. Gary Chapman, a Christian counsellor and author of The Five Love Languages, highlights that love must be expressed in ways that one’s partner can understand and appreciate. According to him, each person has a primary love language that makes them feel most valued and emotionally connected.

Relationship Counselling – Triangular Theory of Love

The Triangular Theory of Love, proposed by psychologist Dr. Robert Sternberg, explains love as a combination of three essential components: intimacy, passion and commitment. These elements interact to form different types and stages of love, depending on their strength and balance within a relationship.

Parenting /Leadership (Styles)

Parents or leaders often use a combination of different styles, with one usually being more dominant. Each parenting style has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is important to consider the context before choosing the most suitable approach. The way children perceive their parents’ style also plays a significant role in determining its effectiveness.

Study Skills Training

There is a difference between studying and learning. Much of what we truly learn happens outside educational institutions. As children, curiosity guided our learning and the attention given by adults helped us explore and understand the world better.

Time Management

Covey’s Time Management Matrix is a framework that divides tasks into four quadrants based on their urgency and importance. The matrix as a whole represents your available time, which cannot be expanded, but how you allocate time within each quadrant can be adjusted.

Assertiveness

Assertiveness is the ability to express your opinions, thoughts, needs and feelings in a direct, honest and respectful manner. It means standing up for your own rights without offending others or denying their rights.

Mindfulness-based Therapy (MBT)

The traditional body scan meditation as taught in MBSR (Mindfulness-based stress reduction) lasts about 30—45 minutes. For this exercise, lying down is the best position, but sitting on a chair is allowed too. The founder of MBSR, Kabat-Zinn, purposefully chose to have the practitioner lie down since many of his initial patients were in too much discomfort to sit still for a 30-minute meditation.

Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)

Dialectics: “Dialectical” means combining opposite ideas such as acceptance and change. DBT focuses on helping people accept the reality of their lives and their behaviors, as well as helping them learn to change their lives, including their unhelpful behaviors.

Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT)

ACT’s goals include the shift from understanding words as content to context; learning to understand both the benefits of language and how it can affect us negatively when we do not take into account the learning context

Trauma Informed Therapy (TIT)

Trauma-informed therapy is a way of thinking about and practicing therapy that prioritizes safety, choice, collaboration, trustworthiness, and empowerment for individuals who have experienced trauma.

Queer Affirmative Therapy (QAT)

Queer Affirmative Therapy is a therapeutic approach specifically designed to address the unique needs and experiences of LGBTQ+ individuals.